The textbook provides essential information on all aspects of structure and functions of the immune system under normal and pathological conditions. The knowledge about innate immunity and the mechanisms of adaptive immunity formation is presented at...

PART I. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM
Chapter 1. Main concepts
Organism protective systems
The concept of immunity
Defi nition of “adaptive immunity”
Immune response
Immunocompetent cells
Objectives of immunology
Chapter 2. Components of the immune system
Thymus
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Liver
Cellular composition of the liver
Lymphoid tissue of mucous and skin
Chapter 3. Mechanisms of innate immunity
Receptors that recognize “nonself”
Signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLR)
Natural killers
The complement system
Phagocytosis
Endogenous antimicrobial peptides
Type I interferons
Factors of innate resistance against infections
Chapter 4. Immune response
Features of adaptive immune response
Stages of immune response
Mechanisms of cell to cell interaction in immune
response
Molecules of intercellular adhesion
Cytokines
Chemokines
Receptors for cytokines and chemokines
Immunological memory
Chapter 5. Antibodies and B-lymphocytes
Antigens
Antibodies
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulin classes
Immunoglobulin structure
Antigen binding
Immunoglobulin genes
Genes of variable domains
Constant domain genes
Immunoglobulin class (isotype) switching
B-lymphocytes
B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)
Coreceptor complex
B-lymphocyte diff erentiation
B2-lymphocytes
B1-lymphocytes
Natural antibodies
Chapter 6. T-lymphocytes
T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)
TCR genes
Rearrangement of TCR genes
CD4 and CD8 coreceptor molecules
Signaling from lymphocyte antigen receptors
T-lymphocyte diff erentiation
T-helper subpopulations
??T-lymphocytes
NKT-lymphocytes
Thymus-independent antigens
Chapter 7. Antigen-presenting cells
Major histocompatibility complex
Genes of MHC
MHC transmembrane glycoproteins
Genetic polymorphism
“Peptide antigen-MHC-I” or “Peptide antigen-MHC-II”
complexes
Superantigens
Antigen-presenting CD1 molecules
Antigen-presenting cells
Dendritic cells
Interactions between T- and B-lymphocytes
Factors which determine the immune deviation
Types of immune response
Type I immune response (cellular)
Type II immune response (humoral)
Chapter 8. Eff ector mechanisms of immunity
Antibody-dependent mechanisms of protection
Complement components
Fc-receptors
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
Immediate-type hypersensitivity
T-lymphocyte-dependent eff ector mechanisms
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
Chapter 9. Inhibition of the immune system
Inhibitory receptors
Apoptosis
Suppression of immune response
Lymphocyte inhibition
Leukocyte suppression
Immunological tolerance
Transplantation
Transplant rejection
Major histocompatibility complex
Immunologically privileged sites
Immune system and glucocorticoids
PART II. PATHOLOGY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Chapter 10. Classifi cation of pathological processes
Immune status
Chapter 11. Primary immunodefi ciencies
Immunnoglobulin defi ciency syndromes
X-linked Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia
X-linked agammaglobulinemia with hyper-IgM syndrome
Common variable immunodefi ciency
Immunoglobulin A defi ciency
Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy
T-lymphocyte defects
Severe combined immunodefi ciencies
Bare lymphocyte syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
Ataxia-telangiectasia
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Phagocytosis defects
Chronic granulomatous disease
Complement defi ciencies
Diseases associated with the complement system
component defi ciencies
Defi ciency of mannose-binding lectin
Chapter 12. Secondary immunodefi ciencies
Etiologic factors
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Acquired immunodefi ciency syndrome
Etiology
Clinical manifestations
Laboratory diagnostics
Treatment
Antiretroviral therapy
Treatment of indicative diseases
Pharmaceutical prophylaxis
Immunotherapy
Current approach
Chapter 13. Allergic diseases
Terminology
Allergens
Types of hypersensitivity reactions
Allergic rhinitis
Bronchial asthma
Classifi cation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Atopic dermatitis
Systemic anaphylaxis
Clinical manifestations
Treatment
Food allergy
Urticaria and angioneurotic edema
Urticaria (hives)
Acute urticaria
Chronic urticaria
Treatment
Angioneurotic edema
Treatment
Allergic and non-allergic reactions to drugs
Organ-specifi c manifestations of the reactions to drugs
Treatment approaches
Algorithm recommendations for allergic disease
diagnostics and treatment
Chapter 14. Autoimmune diseases
Etiology and pathogenesis
Systemic autoimmune diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Scleroderma
Sjo gren’s Syndrome
Endocrine diseases
Autoimmune hyperthyroidism
Hashimoto’s disease (autoimmune goiter)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Adrenal insuffi ciency (Addison’s disease)
Gastrointestinal tract diseases
Autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia
Celiac disease
Infl ammatory bowel disease
Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s Disease
Hepatitis
Autoimmune liver diseases
Autoimmune hepatitis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Blood diseases
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Drug-induced hemolysis
Hemolysis as a blood transfusion complication
Neonatal hemolytic disease
Idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
Nervous system diseases with infl ammatory component
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Primary systemic vasculitis
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Microscopic polyangiitis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Giant cell arteritis
Takayasu arteritis
Kawasaki disease
Behcet’s Disease
Chapter 15. Principles of immunotherapy
Replacement therapy
Immunosuppressive therapy
Immunostimulating therapy
Vaccination
PART III. APPENDIX
Immunoglobulins
Immunological parameters of blood